分子生物學(xué)

前言

　　This textbook is designed for an introductory course in molecular biology. But what is molecularbiology? The definition of this elusive term depends on who is doing the defining. In this book. I consider molecular biology to be the study of genesand their activities at the molecular level.　　When I was a student in college and graduate school I found that I became most excited about science， and learned best， when the instructor emphasized the experimental strategy and the data that led to the conclusions， rather than just the conclusions　　themselves. Thus， when I began teaching an introductory molecular biology coursein 1972. I adopted that teaching strategy and haveused it ever since. I have found that my student sreact as positively as I did.　　One problem with this approach， however，was that no textbook placed as great an emphasison experimental data as I would have liked.So I tried assigning reading from the literature in lieu of a textbook. Although this method was entirely appropriatefor an advanced course， it was a relatively in efficient process and not practical for a first course in molecular biology. To streamline theprocess， I augmented the literature readings withhanddrawn cartoons of the data I wanted to present. Later， when technology became available， Imade transparencies of figures from the journal articles.

內(nèi)容概要

分子生物學(xué)是生命科學(xué)發(fā)展過(guò)程中誕生的一門(mén)實(shí)驗(yàn)性極強(qiáng)的新興學(xué)科。美國(guó)著名分子生物學(xué)家Robert F.Weaver遵循這一學(xué)科發(fā)展的特點(diǎn)，1999年出版了MolecularBiology一書(shū)。全書(shū)以原始研究論文為基礎(chǔ)，通過(guò)對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)的設(shè)計(jì)、對(duì)結(jié)果的分析而逐步展開(kāi)對(duì)分子生物學(xué)理論的講述，文字通俗流暢，敘述由淺人深。隨著學(xué)科的迅速發(fā)展，幾經(jīng)修訂再版的Molecu—larBiology第三版共有分子生物學(xué)方法，原核生物、真核生物轉(zhuǎn)錄，轉(zhuǎn)錄后加工，翻譯，DNA復(fù)制、重組和轉(zhuǎn)座和基因組學(xué)等八部分二十四章，書(shū)后還寫(xiě)有術(shù)語(yǔ)表。每一章節(jié)都以提出科學(xué)問(wèn)題、展開(kāi)研究過(guò)程開(kāi)始，以提供思考習(xí)題、推薦閱讀文獻(xiàn)結(jié)束，理論講述邏輯嚴(yán)密，實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程提煉清晰，特色鮮明、內(nèi)容詳盡，圖文并茂易讀易記。是研究生和生命科學(xué)相關(guān)專(zhuān)業(yè)的科研、教學(xué)人員不可多得的一本優(yōu)秀參考書(shū)。

書(shū)籍目錄

About the AuthorPrefaceAcknowledgmentsPART Ⅰ  Introduction  CHAPTER 1  A Brief History  CHAPTER 2  The Molecular Nature of Genes  CHAPTER 3  An Introduction to Gene FunctionPART Ⅱ  Methods of Molecular Biology  CHAPTER 4  Molecular Cloning Methods  CHAPTER 5  Molecular Tools for Studying Genes and Gene ActivityPARTⅢ  Transcription in Prokaryotes  CHAPTER 6  The Mechanism of Transcription in Prokaryotes  CHAPTER 7  Operons: Fine Control of Prokaryotic Transcription  CHAPTER 8  Major Shifts in Prokaryotic Tran- scription  CHAPTER 9  DNA-Protein Interactions in Pro- karyotesPARTⅣ  Transcription in Eukaryotes  CHAPTER 10  Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases and Their Promoters  CHAPTER 11  General Transcription Factors in Eukarvotes  CHAPTER 12  Transcription Activators in En- karyotes  CHAPTER 13  Chromatin Structure and Its Effects on TranscriptionPARTY Ⅴ Posttranscriptional Events  CHAPIER 14 Messenger RNA Processing I:Splicing  CHAPTER 15  Messenger RNA Processing II. Cap- ping and Polyadenylation  CHAPTER 16  Other RNA Processing EventsPART Ⅵ Translation  CHAPTER 17  The Mechanism of Translation Ⅰ: In- itiation  CHAPTER 18  The Mechanism of Translation Ⅱ: Elongation and Termination  CHAPTER 19  Ribosomes and Transfer RNAPART Ⅶ   DNA Replication, Recombination, and Transposition  CHAPTER 20  DNA Replication Ⅰ: Basic Mecha- nism and Enzymology  CHAPTER 21  DNA Replication Ⅱ:  Detailed Mechanism  CHAPTER 22  Homologous Recombination  CHAPTER 23  Transposition  PARTⅧ Genomes  CHAPTER 24 Genomics and ProteomicsGlossary

章節(jié)摘錄

　　In 1865, Gregor Mendel(Figure I. I ) published his findings on the inheritance of seven different traits in the garden pea. Before Mendels research,scientists thought inheritance occurred through a blending of each trait of the parents in the off spring. Mendel concluded instead that inheritanceis particulate. That is, each parent contributes particles, or genetic units, to the offspring. We nowcall these particles genes, Furthermore, by carefully counting the numher of progeny plants having a given phenotype, or　　observable characteristic(e.g.,yellow seeds, white flowers), Mendel was able to make some important generalizations. The word phenotype, by the way, comes from the same Greek root as phenomenon, meaning appearance. Thus, a tall pea plant exhibits the tall phenotype, or appearance. Phenotype can also refer to tbe whole set of observable characteristics of an organism.　　Mendel saw that a gene can exist in different forms called alleles. For example, the pea can have either yellow or green seeds. One allele of the gene for seed color gives rise to yellow seeds, the other to green. Moreover, one allele can be dominant over the　　other, recessive, allele. Mendel demonstratedtbat the allele for yellow seeds was dominant when he mated a green seeded pea with a yellowseeded pea.

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