Complex systems復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)的混亂場面

內(nèi)容概要

Chaos in science has always been a fascinating realm since it challenges the usual scientific approach of reductionism. While carefully distinguishing between complexity, holism, randomness, incompleteness, nondeterminism and stochastic behaviour the authors show that, although many aspects of chaos have been phenomenologically understood, most of its defining principles are still difficult to grasp and formulate. Demonstrating that chaos escapes all traditional methods of description, the authors set out to find new methods to deal with this phenomenon and illustrate their constructive approach with many examples from physics, biology and information technology. While maintaining a high level of rigour, an overly complicated mathematical apparatus is avoided in order to make this book accessible, beyond the specialist level, to a wider interdisciplinary readership.

書籍目錄

1. Necessity for a Science of Complex Systems　1.1  Introduction　1.2  Chaos　1.3  Chaos and Complexity　1.4  How Has Chaos Changed Our Way of Thinking?　　1.4.1  Dialectic Method to Overcome the Antithesis Between Determinism and Nondeterminism or Between Programs and Errors　　1.4.2  Dialectic Method to Overcome the Antithesis Between Order and Randomness　　1.4.3  Beyond the Antithesis Between Reductionism and Holism　1.5  Dynamic Many-to-Many Relations and Bio-networks　　 1.5.1  The Necessity of Dynamic Many-to-Many Relations .　　 1.5.2  Metabolic Systems, Differentiation, and Development　　 1.5.3  Ecosystems　　 1.5.4  Immune Systems　　 1.5.5  The Brain　　 1.5.6  Rugged Landscapes and Their Problems　　 1.5.7  Conclusion　 1.6  The Construction of an Artificial (Virtual) World　 1.7  A Trigger to Emergence　 1.8  Beyond Top-Down Versus Bottom-Up　 1.9  Methodology of Study of Complex Systems　　 1.9.1  Constructive Way of Understanding　　 1.9.2  Plural Views　　 1.9.3  Mathematical Anatomy　　 1.9.4  The Problem of Internal Observers2. Observation Problems from an Information-Theoretical Viewpoint　 2.1  Observation Problems of Chaos　 2.2  Undecidability and Entire Description　 2.3  A Demon in Chaos　 2.4  Chaos in the BZ Reaction　 2.5  Noise-Induced Order　 2.6  Could Structural Stability Lead to an Adequate Notion of a Model?　 2.7  Information Theory of Chaos3.  CMLs: Constructive Approach to Spatiotemporal Chaos　 3.1  From a Descriptive to a Constructive Approach of Nature　 3.2  Coupled Map Lattice Approach to Spatiotemporal Chaos　　 3.2.1  Spatiotemporal Chaos　　 3.2.2  Introduction to Coupled Map Lattices　　 3.2.3  Comparison with Other Approaches　 3.3  Phenomenology of Spatiotemporal Chaos in the Diffusively Coupled Logistic Lattice　　 3.3.1  Introduction　　 3.3.2  Frozen Random Patterns and Spatial Bifurcations 　　 3.3.3  Pattern Selection with Suppression of Chaos 　  3.3.4  Brownian Motion of Chaotic Defects and Defect Turbulence 　  3.3.5  Spatiotemporal Intermitteney (STI)　   3.3.6  Stability of Fully Developed Spatiotemporal Chaos (FDSTC) Sustained by the Supertransients 　  3.3.7  Traveling Waves　   3.3.8  Supertransients　 3.4  CML Phenomenology as a Problem of Complex Systems 　 3.5  Phenonemology in Open-Flow Lattices　　 3.5.1  Introduction　　 3.5.2  Spatial Bifurcation to Down-Flow　　 3.5.3  Convective Instability and Spatial Amplification of Fluctuations　   3.5.4  Phase Diagram 　  3.5.5  Spatial Chaos　　 3.5.6  Selective Amplification of Input　 3.6  Universality　 3.7  Theory for Spatiotemporal Chaos　 3.8  Applications of Coupled Map Lattices　　 3.8.1  Pattern Formation (Spinodal Decomposition)　　 3.8.2  Crystal Growth and Boiling　　 3.8.3  Convection　　 3.8.4  Spiral and Traveling Waves in Excitable Media　　 3.8.5  Cloud Dynamics and Geophysics  ……4  Networks of Chaotic Elements5  Significance of Coupled Chaotic Systems6  Chaotic Information Processing in the Brain7  Conversations with AuthorsReferencesIndex

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