來源批判學(source criticism)認為太 5:3 //路 6:20 源于 Q, 原始的語錄應更接近路加福音, 沒有 τ? πνε?ματι ‘靈’(與格)的說法. (Luke = Q {A} ()8, 見 Q 文獻彙註 Q 6:20-21: the Beatitudes for the poor, hungry, and mourning, ed. Thomas Hieke, (Peeters, 2001), pp. 78—140.) 一般認為, τ? πνε?ματι 系馬太所增, 盡管在希伯來文里有對應的說法.
諸家註者皆同意, 此處 πτωχο? 并不僅指物質上的‘貧困’, 而馬太所加的 τ? πνε?ματι 則更強調貧困者精神狀態(tài)、宗教信仰的方面. 而且這里的‘貧困’帶有正面積極的意義, 即窮人在精神上、‘靈里’的匱乏、絕望和對神的“依靠”、“渴求”. (見 Luz, Matth?us, ET Matthew 1-7, Hermeneia; Davies & Allison, Commentary on Matthew, ICC; Betz, Sermon on the Mount, Hermeneia; France, The Gospel of Matthew, NICNT; Hagner, Matthew 1-13, WBC; Gundry, Matthew, A Commentary on His Literary and Theological Art; Craig Keener, A Commentary on the Gospel of Matthew 等.)
最近在書店里逛,才了解到西方現代也有很多翻譯圣經的,并不因為有欽定本就止步,而且也并非在欽定本的基礎上從頭再來。希伯來語也好,希臘語也好,亞美尼亞語也好,我都不懂,只能看看英譯本的。關于哥林多前書的那段翻譯,我抄一段: Love suffers long and love is kind. Love has No jealousy and cannot boast and has No pride. Love isn't crude and doesn't seek Things for itself, is not provoked to anger, Nor counts up wrongs. Not gloating in misdeeds, Its happiness is truth. Love bears all things, Believes all things; it hopes and it endures. Love never falls. Yet prophecies will cease And tongues turn dumb and knowledge also vanish. We know only in part, we prophesy Only in part, yet when perfection comes, Then what is but a part will disappear. From ' The Restored New Testament' Translated by Willis Barnstone
別的不說,和合本翻譯的是愛永不止息,馮翻譯的是愛永不會墜落。沒看過原文,不敢輕易評判,也不敢輕易說什么雞湯。 但看那個英譯本,用的是fall,明顯是墜落的意思,不是止息的意思吧。 再查KJB, Charity never faileth:but whether there be prophecies, they shall fail,;whether there be tongues, they shall cease; whther there be knowledge, it shall vanish away.估計欽定本是根據對應的關系faileth 翻譯成止息吧,但fail 應該也有失敗的意思吧?